【無聊大作戰】光立方制作視頻如下:
這一陣剛休息閑著無聊制作8X8X8光立方,應為是初學者有什么問題請見諒!~~~
一、光立方的基本原理
利用人眼的暫留效應,利用單片機控制LED燈泡快速的閃爍,顯示出一個完整的圖案!
二、使用工具和材料
(一)、使用工具:1、焊槍(不用這么好的,隨便哪種便宜的也行)2、剝線鉗3、鋸子(要是相信自己的手工能力,就挑戰手鋸吧,手鋸便宜。。4、鋼尺5、電鉆6、電流表(主要用來測是否焊錯的)7、鑷子8、熱熔膠槍(可有可無)
(二)使用材料:1、單片機X1個2、最小系統X1個(帶寫入功能的,我這個是不帶的,應為我有實驗板)3、74hc136X9個4、74hc573X1個5、LED燈X516個(顏色無所謂)6、排插、排針多個(排插至少要兩排,做底盤需要64個點)7、實驗板(看大小購買,夠用就行)8、熱縮管(不用太多,夠用就好)9、電線(這個要不少,看著來吧)10、20針插座1個、16針插座9個
(三)原件原理
1、74hc138:作用是用三位二進制數,來輸出只有一位為零的八位二進制數
2、74hc573:鎖存器,在這次中沒用的什么功能,主要用來電流放大的,
OE、GNG直接地線,Vcc、LE直接接電源就行了。
三、-->電路圖
應為是一個8X8X8的立體結構,用三軸坐標系就可以分別控制單一一盞燈
74hc573(Y)控制Y軸
74hc138(Z)控制Z軸
74hc138(X1~X8)控制X軸
四、制作流程
現在開始正式制作了,前面全是準備。
1、 彎LED燈的針腳,注意正負極不要搞錯了,一共彎512個,多彎上幾個,作為備用的。
2、 制作定位板,井字形的間隔為20mm,8行8列共計64個點,可以用紙張劃線代替。(我這個其實只有7*8個實在是沒大板子了!~~)
3、 用定位板焊接單一一排8個,正極正極項鏈焊接,中間間隔20mm,一共焊64條。
4、 64個單條焊好后,用8個單條組成一個面,這時是負極與負極相連,每條之間的間距是20mm,焊接時順便調整陣腳,不要短路了。一共8面。
5、 焊好8面以后,就是測試環節了,負極串聯起來,給每一行的正極單獨供一次電觀察有沒有短路、沒亮、亮度暗等問題的,及時更換,修理。
6、 制作插座,將排插剪開只留下中間的銅質圓柱插座,直接焊接在實驗板上,橫豎各8排,其中間隔20mm,共計64個點。焊好后背面每個點連出一條線,用以連接74hc138(X1~X8)。線路簡單的梳理一下用東西暫時固定一下。然后在線的另一端用剪開的排針焊上一個插頭,以備后面連接使用,焊好后套上熱縮管(這些圖片都不是當時照的,這是已經鋸掉一半了,另一半和這一半一樣)
7、 將8個面插到低上,將橫向相鄰的正極彎好后直接焊道一起,注意之間的間隔是20mm,使每一層所有燈的正極是串聯在一起的,然后每一層單獨引出一條線(圖中的紅線),分別插在74Hc573(Y)的O0~O7口上。
8、 焊好后就可以放到一邊了,接下來就是焊控制電路了。
我們不用將芯片直接焊在實驗板上,先焊插座,讓后將芯片插進去,這樣就不會出現燒壞芯片的情況了。
74hc138(X1~X8)焊接在一塊將這8塊芯片的Vcc、E3全部串聯到一起用來輸入電壓,GND,E2串聯到一起直接接地,然后是A、B、C、分別串聯一塊,分別連接單片機的P1.0口、P1.1口、P1.2口,Y0~Y7分別單獨的向正面引出排插每一個口單獨焊接不是串聯,用來連接底座上的64個點,E1向正面單獨引出一個排針,用來連接74Hc138(Z)的(Y0~Y7)。焊接完成后用萬用電流表檢查是否有虛焊,焊錯的。
74hc138(Z)和74HC573(Y)的焊接方法都是每個針單獨連接一個排針。
9、74hc138(X1~X8)焊接在一塊將這8塊芯片的Vcc、E3全部串聯到一起用來輸入電壓,GND,E2串聯到一起直接接地,然后是A、B、C、分別串聯一塊,分別連接單片機的P1.0口、P1.1口、P1.2口,Y0~Y7分別單獨的向正面引出排插每一個口單獨焊接不是串聯,用來連接底座上的64個點,E1向正面單獨引出一個排針,用來連接74Hc138(Z)的(Y0~Y7)
74hc138(Z)A、B、C口分別連接單片機的P1.3口、P1.4口、P1.2口
74hc73(Y)D0~D7八個口連接單片機的P0的八個口,OE、GNG直接地線,Vcc、LE直接接電源就行了。剩下的O0~O7口分別連接Y軸的每一層。
直接算是徹底的安裝好了。
裝飾用的自選項:
1、 剪裁出180mmX180mm正方形,在背面畫井字形方格,間距20mm,然后再交錯點處打孔。
2、 將底板鋸開,接頭一一對應的插入鉆好的孔,用膠水固定,全部粘好后,梳理線路用熱熔膠將線路粘牢,再將每一列的八條線用熱縮管捆到一起。
這就算是徹底的完成了!~~~
五、程序
#include<reg52.h>
#define uint unsigned int
#define uchar unsigned char
uchar a,b,c;
uchar code TAB[]={
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};
void delay(uint z) //延時程序
{
uint x,y;
for(x=z;x>0;x--)
for(y=10;y>0;y--);
}
void xianshi1(uchar d) //顯示程序
{
for(a=0;a<64;a++)
{
P0=TAB[64*d+a];
P1=a;
delay(1);
}
}
void init() //定時器初始化程序
{
TMOD=0x01;
TH0=(65536-50000)/256;
TL0=(65536-50000)%6;
EA=1;
ET0=1;
TR0=1;
a=b=c=0;
P1=0;
P0=0;
}
void main()
{
init();
while(1)
{
if(c>=50)
{
c=0;
b++;
}
xianshi1(b);
if(b>=36)
b=0;
}
}
void timer0() interrupt 1
{
TH0=(65536-50000)/256;
TL0=(65536-50000)%6;
c++;
}
程序用來顯示的圖案應為暫時沒有時間去編了,只能靠大家來整了!~~
圖案的編輯規則是:應為是每一次給Y軸一個8位的圖案,所以只要64次就可以循環過來了,如圖示,第一面顯示完成后第二面開始顯示,來回八次,直到第八面顯示完成,再次轉到第一面,再次循環以上步奏,因為速度哦夠快,就可形成完整的圖案安了。
所以如果要形成一個完整的圖案就要有64個數據。
這就算是徹底的制作完成了!~~
我也是剛學的有問題的話我會盡量解答